Phenylalanine-ammonialyase, PAL is transiently induced upon irradiation of UVB 310‚nm (Takeda and Abe, 1992). In biosynthesis of anthocyanin from phenylpropanod metabolism, a fower pigment, charconsynthase (CHS) is the key enzyme, while in initiation of the phenylpropanide metabolism upon the first signal transduction, the phenylalanine-ammonialyase (PAL) is the key enzyme (Takeda, Abe, Hirose, and Ozeki, 1993).
The following base-sequence is for cDNA of mRNA coded for PAL(Hirose 1992) from a cultured carrot cells in suspension.
> ETKPAL (Universal genetic code)
60
GAATTCCGGATCCAACTTCCCCATACACAAAACACATCAAAATTTTAAAATCATATCAAA
120
CACTTAGCTAAAAATGGATTGTGAGAACAAGAATGTTGTGCTAGGAAACGGGCTGTGCAT
M D C E N K N V V L G N G L C M
180
GCAGAAAGATCCGTTGAACTGGGGAATGGCTGCGGAGGCCAAGACAGGAAGCCATTTGGA
Q K D P L N W G M A A E A K T G S H L D
240
TGAAGTCAAGAGGATGGTGGCTGAGTTTAGGAAGCCTATGGTGCAGCTTGGCGGGGAGAC
E V K R M V A E F R K P M V Q L G G E T
300
ACTCACCGTCTCTCAGGTGGCTGCTATTGCTGCAGGGAGTGTCAAGGTTGAGTTAGCCGA
L T V S Q V A A I A A G S V K V E L A E
360
GTCCGCGAGGGCTGGTGTCAAGGCTAGTAGTGATTGGGTGATGGAGAGCATGAACAAGGG
S A R A G V K A S S D W V M E S M N K G
420
AACTGATAGTTATGGTGTTACTACTGGTTTTGGTGCTACTTCTCATAGGAGGACAAAACA
T D S Y G V T T G F G A T S H R R T K Q
480
AGGTGGTGCTCTGCAGAAGGAACTTATTAGATTTTTGAACGCTGGAATCTTTGGAAGTGG
G G A L Q K E L I R F L N A G I F G S G
540
AAATGATTCTTCGAACATATTACCACATTCAGCAACAAGAGCAGCAATGCTAGTGAGGAT
N D S S N I L P H S A T R A A M L V R I
600
CAACACACTCCTCCAAGGTTACTCTGGCATTCGATTTGAAATTCTTGAGGCCATCACCAA
N T L L Q G Y S G I R F E I L E A I T K
660
GTTCCTCAACCAAAACATTACCCCTTGCTTGCCACTCCGTGGAACGATCACTGCTTCTGG
F L N Q N I T P C L P L R G T I T A S G
720
TGATCTTGTCCCTTTATCCTACATTGCTGGACTTCTAACTGGCCGTCCTAATTCCAAGGC
D L V P L S Y I A G L L T G R P N S K A
780
GGTTGGACCCACTGGAGAGAATCTGACTGCTGCAGAAGCATTTAAACTTGCTGGAGTTGA
V G P T G E N L T A A E A F K L A G V D
840
TGGTGGATTCTTTGAGCTGCAGCCAAAAGAAGGCCTTGCACTAGTCAATGGCACAGCTGT
G G F F E L Q P K E G L A L V N G T A V
900
CGGTTCTGGAATGGCTTCAATGGTACTGTTTGAGACCAATATACTTGCTGTGTTGGCTGA
G S G M A S M V L F E T N I L A V L A E
960
AGTTATGTCAGCTATCTTTGCTGAAGTGATGCAGGGCAAACCCGAATTTACTGACCATTT
V M S A I F A E V M Q G K P E F T D H L
1020
GACACACAAGTTGAAGCATCATCCTGGACAAATTGAAGCTGCAGCTATAATGGAACACAT
T H K L K H H P G Q I E A A A I M E H I
1080
CTTGGATGGAAGCTCTTATGTCAAGGCTGCTGAGAAGCAACACGAAATGGATCCATTGCA
L D G S S Y V K A A E K Q H E M D P L Q
1140
AAAACCAAAGCAAGATAGATATGCTCTTAGGACATCTCCACAATGGCTTGGACCACAGAT
K P K Q D R Y A L R T S P Q W L G P Q I
1200
TGAAGTGATTCGATCATCAACAAAAATGATAGAAAGGGAGATCAATTCTGTCAATGATAA
E V I R S S T K M I E R E I N S V N D N
1260
CCCTTTGATTGATGTGTCAAGGAACAAGGCCATCCATGGTGGTAACTTCCAGGGTACGCC
P L I D V S R N K A I H G G N F Q G T P
1320
TATTGGAGTTTCTATGGACAATACAAGGTTGGCTATTGCAGCAATTGGAAAGCTCATGTT
I G V S M D N T R L A I A A I G K L M F
1380
TGCCCAATTTTCGGAGCTTGTGAATGACTTTTATAACAATGGGCTGCCATCTAATCTCTC
A Q F S E L V N D F Y N N G L P S N L S
1440
TGGAGGGCGTAATCCAAGTTTGGATTATGGTTTCAAGGGTGCTGAAATTGCTATGGCTTC
G G R N P S L D Y G F K G A E I A M A S
1500
TTACTGCTCTGAGCAACAATTTTTGGGCAATCCAGTTACCAACCATGTTCAAAGCGCTGA
Y C S E Q Q F L G N P V T N H V Q S A E
1560
GCAACACAATCAAGATGTGAACTCACTAGGTTTGATCTCCTCAAGGAAAACAGCAGAAGC
Q H N Q D V N S L G L I S S R K T A E A
1620
TGTTGAAATCTTGAAGCTCATGTCTACCACATTTTTGGTAGGCCTCTGCCAAGCTGTAGA
V E I L K L M S T T F L V G L C Q A V D
1680
CCTGAGGCACTTGGAGGAGAACTTGAAGAGCACTGTCAAGAACACTGTAAGTCAAGTAGC
L R H L E E N L K S T V K N T V S Q V A
1740
CAAGAAAGTTCTAACTATGGGTGTCAATGGTGAGCTTCATCCTTCAAGATTCTGTGAGTT
K K V L T M G V N G E L H P S R F C E L
1800
GGATTTGCTTAGAGTTGTTGACAGGGAGTACATTTTCGCATACATTGACGACCCCTGCAG
D L L R V V D R E Y I F A Y I D D P C S
1860
TGCAACCTACCCACTGATGCAAAAGCTAAGACAGGTACTAGTTGAACATGCATTGAAAAA
A T Y P L M Q K L R Q V L V E H A L K N
1920
TGGCGAAACTGAGAAGAACTTGAGCACCTCAATCTTCCAAAAGATTGCAGCTTTTGAAGA
G E T E K N L S T S I F Q K I A A F E D
1980
TGAATTGAAGGCCCTTTTACCCAAGGAGGTTGAAAGTGCAAGGGCTGTGGTAGAGAGTGG
E L K A L L P K E V E S A R A V V E S G
2040
AAATCCTGCTATTCCAAACAGGATCAAAGAATGCAGGTCTTATCCACTGTACAAGTTTAT
N P A I P N R I K E C R S Y P L Y K F I
2100
CAGGGAAGAGCTGGGAACAGTTTATTTAACTGGCGAGAAAGTGACATCGCCTGGAGAAGA
R E E L G T V Y L T G E K V T S P G E E
2160
GTTTGACAAGGTGTTCACCGCAATGTCCAAAGGAGAGATCATTGATCCATTGTTGGCGTG
F D K V F T A M S K G E I I D P L L A C
2220
TCTTGAGAGCTGGAATGGTGCTCCTCTTCCAATTGCTTAGTTAAGATATGATGTGATTCT
L E S W N G A P L P I A .
2280
AACTTATGTTATTTCAAGTATTGGTGTTTTTTAGTTGTTTAAAAATTGTGAATGCTGCCT
2340
GTAAGAATCAATGCAATGAAGTGTTGCTTTTGTGAAATGGAAATATATCATAGTTTTGTT
2349
TGCATPLYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA----polyA
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